第 68 节
作者:匆匆      更新:2021-02-27 02:11      字数:8485
  necessity of the Notion; it is held by it; and each determination is a reflection…into…self。 Each new
  stage of forthgoing; that is; of further determination; is also a withdrawal inwards; and the
  greater extension is equally a higher intensity。
  The richest is therefore the most concrete and most subjective and that which withdraws itself into
  the simplest depth is the mightiest and most all…embracing。
  The highest; most concentrated point is the pure personality which; solely through the absolute
  dialectic which is its nature; no less embraces and holds everything within itself; because it
  makes itself the supremely free … the simplicity which is the first immediacy and universality。
  It is in this manner that each step of the advance in the process of further determination; while
  getting further away from the indeterminate beginning is also getting back nearer to it; and that
  therefore; what at first sight may appear to be different; the retrogressive grounding of the
  beginning; and the progressive further determining of it; coincide and are the same。 The method;
  which thus winds itself into a circle; cannot anticipate in a development in time that the beginning is;
  as such; already something derived; it is sufficient for the beginning in its immediacy that it is simple
  universality。 In being that; it has its complete condition; and there is no need to deprecate the fact
  that it may only be accepted provisionally and hypothetically。 Whatever objections to it might be
  raised … say; the limitations of human knowledge; the need to examine critically the instrument of
  cognition before starting to deal with the subject matter … are themselves presuppositions; which as
  concrete determinations involve the demand for their mediation and proof。 Since therefore they
  possess no formal advantage over the beginning with the subject matter against which they protest;
  but on the contrary themselves require deduction on account of their more concrete content; their
  claim to prior consideration must be treated as an empty presumption。 They have an untrue
  content; for they convert what we know to be finite and untrue into something incontestable and
  absolute; namely; a limited cognition determined as form and instrument relatively to its content;
  this untrue cognition is itself also the form; the process of seeking grounds; that is retrogressive。。
  The method of truth; too; knows the beginning to be incomplete; because it is a beginning; but at
  the same time it knows this incompleteness to be a necessity; because truth only comes to be itself
  through negativity of immediacy。
  The impatience at insists merely on getting beyond the determinate … whether called beginning;
  object; the finite; or in whatever other form it be taken … and finding itself immediately in the
  absolute; has before it as cognition nothing but the empty negative; the abstract infinite; in other
  words; a presumed absolute; that is presumed because it is not posited; not grasped; grasped it
  can only be through the mediation of cognition; of which the universal and immediate is a moment;
  but the truth itself resides only in the extended course of the process and in the conclusion。 To
  meet the subjective needs of unfamiliarity and its impatience; a survey of the whole may of course
  be given in advance … by a division for reflection which; after the manner of finite cognition;
  specifies the particular of the universal as something already there and to be awaited in the course
  of the science。 Yet this affords us nothing more than a picture for ordinary thinking; for the
  genuine transition from the universal to the particular and to the whole that is determined in and for
  itself; in which whole that first universal itself according to its true determination is again a moment;
  is alien to the above manner of division; and is alone the mediation of the science itself。
  By virtue of the nature of the method just indicated; the science exhibits itself as a circle returning
  upon itself; the end being wound back into the beginning; the simple ground; by the mediation; this
  circle is moreover a circle of circles; for each individual member as ensouled by the method is
  reflected into itself; so that in returning into the beginning it is at the same time the beginning of a
  new member。 Links of this chain are the individual sciences 'of logic; nature and spirit'; each of
  which has an antecedent and a successor … or; expressed more accurately; has only the
  antecedent and indicates its successor in its conclusion。
  Thus then logic; too; in the absolute Idea; has withdrawn into that same simple unity which its
  beginning is; the pure immediacy of being in which at first every determination appears to be
  extinguished or removed by abstraction; is the Idea that has reached through mediation; that is;
  through the sublation of mediation; a likeness correspondent to itself。 The method is the Pure
  Notion that relates itself only to itself; it is therefore the simple self…relation that is being。 But now it
  is also fulfilled being; the Notion that comprehends itself; being as the concrete and so absolutely
  intensive totality。 In conclusion; there remains only this to be said about this Idea; that in it; first; the
  science of logic has grasped its own Notion。
  In the sphere of being; the beginning of its content; its Notion appears as a knowing in a
  subjective reflection external to that content。 But in the Idea of absolute cognition the Notion has
  become the Idea's own content。 The Idea is itself the pure Notion that has itself for subject matter
  and which; in running itself as subject matter through the totality of its determinations; develops
  itself into the whole of its reality; into the system of the science 'of logic'; and concludes by
  apprehending this process of comprehending itself; thereby superseding its standing as content and
  subject matter and cognising the Notion of the science。 Secondly; this Idea is still logical; it is
  enclosed within pure thought and is the science only of the divine Notion。 True; the systematic
  exposition is itself a realisation of the Idea but confined within the same sphere。 Because the pure
  Idea of cognition is so far confined within subjectivity; it is the urge to sublate this; and pure truth
  as the last result becomes also the beginning of another sphere and science。 It only remains here to
  indicate this transition。
  The Idea; namely; in positing itself as absolute unity of the pure Notion and its reality and thus
  contracting itself into the immediacy of being; is the totality in this form … nature。
  But this determination has not issued from a process of becoming; nor is it a transition; as when
  above; the subjective Notion in its totality becomes objectivity; and the subjective end becomes
  life。 On the contrary; the pure Idea in which the determinateness or reality of the Notion is itself
  raised into Notion; is an absolute liberation for which there is no longer any immediate
  determination that is not equally posited and itself Notion; in this freedom; therefore; no transition
  takes place; the simple being to which the Idea determines itself remains perfectly transparent to it
  and is the Notion that; in its determination; abides with itself。 The passage is therefore to be
  understood here rather in this manner; that the Idea freely releases itself in its absolute
  self…assurance and inner poise。 By reason of this freedom; the form of its determinateness is also
  utterly free … the externality of space and time existing absolutely on its own account without the
  moment of subjectivity。 In so far as this externality presents itself only in the abstract immediacy of
  being and is apprehended from the standpoint of consciousness; it exists as mere objectivity and
  external life; but in the Idea it remains essentially and actually 'in and for itself' the totality of the
  Notion; and science in the relationship to nature of divine cognition。
  But in this next resolve of the pure Idea to determine itself as external Idea; it thereby only posits
  for itself the mediation out of which the Notion ascends as a free Existence that has withdrawn into
  itself from exteranlity; that completes its self…liberation in the science of spirit; and that finds the
  supreme Notion of itself in the science of logic as the self…comprehending pure Notion。
  The End